PE module¶
The PE module allows you to create more fine-grained rules for PE files by using attributes and features of the PE file format. This module exposes most of the fields present in a PE header and provides functions which can be used to write more expressive and targeted rules. Let's see some examples:
import "pe"
rule single_section
{
condition:
pe.number_of_sections == 1
}
rule control_panel_applet
{
condition:
pe.exports("CPlApplet")
}
rule is_dll
{
condition:
pe.characteristics & pe.DLL
}
Reference¶
-
type
machine
Changed in version 3.3.0.
Integer with one of the following values:
-
type
MACHINE_UNKNOWN
¶
-
type
MACHINE_AM33
¶
-
type
MACHINE_AMD64
¶
-
type
MACHINE_ARM
¶
-
type
MACHINE_ARMNT
¶
-
type
MACHINE_ARM64
¶
-
type
MACHINE_EBC
¶
-
type
MACHINE_I386
¶
-
type
MACHINE_IA64
¶
-
type
MACHINE_M32R
¶
-
type
MACHINE_MIPS16
¶
-
type
MACHINE_MIPSFPU
¶
-
type
MACHINE_MIPSFPU16
¶
-
type
MACHINE_POWERPC
¶
-
type
MACHINE_POWERPCFP
¶
-
type
MACHINE_R4000
¶
-
type
MACHINE_SH3
¶
-
type
MACHINE_SH3DSP
¶
-
type
MACHINE_SH4
¶
-
type
MACHINE_SH5
¶
-
type
MACHINE_THUMB
¶
-
type
MACHINE_WCEMIPSV2
¶
Example: pe.machine == pe.MACHINE_AMD64
-
type
-
type
checksum
¶ New in version 3.6.0.
Integer with the "PE checksum" as stored in the OptionalHeader
-
type
calculate_checksum
¶ New in version 3.6.0.
Function that calculates the "PE checksum"
Example: pe.checksum == pe.calculate_checksum()
-
type
subsystem
¶ Integer with one of the following values:
-
type
SUBSYSTEM_UNKNOWN
¶
-
type
SUBSYSTEM_NATIVE
¶
-
type
SUBSYSTEM_WINDOWS_GUI
¶
-
type
SUBSYSTEM_WINDOWS_CUI
¶
-
type
SUBSYSTEM_OS2_CUI
¶
-
type
SUBSYSTEM_POSIX_CUI
¶
-
type
SUBSYSTEM_NATIVE_WINDOWS
¶
-
type
SUBSYSTEM_WINDOWS_CE_GUI
¶
-
type
SUBSYSTEM_EFI_APPLICATION
¶
-
type
SUBSYSTEM_EFI_BOOT_SERVICE_DRIVER
¶
-
type
SUBSYSTEM_EFI_RUNTIME_DRIVER
¶
-
type
SUBSYSTEM_XBOX
¶
-
type
SUBSYSTEM_WINDOWS_BOOT_APPLICATION
¶
Example: pe.subsystem == pe.SUBSYSTEM_NATIVE
-
type
-
type
timestamp
¶ PE timestamp.
-
type
pointer_to_symbol_table
¶ New in version 3.8.0.
Value of IMAGE_FILE_HEADER::PointerToSymbolTable. Used when the PE image has COFF debug info.
-
type
number_of_symbols
¶ New in version 3.8.0.
Value of IMAGE_FILE_HEADER::NumberOfSymbols. Used when the PE image has COFF debug info.
-
type
size_of_optional_header
¶ New in version 3.8.0.
Value of IMAGE_FILE_HEADER::SizeOfOptionalHeader. This is real size of the optional header and reflects differences between 32-bit and 64-bit optional header and number of data directories.
-
type
opthdr_magic
¶ New in version 3.8.0.
Value of IMAGE_OPTIONAL_HEADER::Magic.
-
type
size_of_code
¶ New in version 3.8.0.
Value of IMAGE_OPTIONAL_HEADER::SizeOfCode. This is the sum of raw data sizes in code sections.
-
type
size_of_initialized_data
¶ New in version 3.8.0.
Value of IMAGE_OPTIONAL_HEADER::SizeOfInitializedData.
-
type
size_of_uninitialized_data
¶ Value of IMAGE_OPTIONAL_HEADER::SizeOfUninitializedData.
-
type
entry_point
Entry point raw offset or virtual address depending on whether YARA is scanning a file or process memory respectively. This is equivalent to the deprecated
entrypoint
keyword.
-
type
base_of_code
¶ New in version 3.8.0.
Value of IMAGE_OPTIONAL_HEADER::BaseOfCode.
-
type
base_of_data
¶ New in version 3.8.0.
Value of IMAGE_OPTIONAL_HEADER::BaseOfData. This field only exists in 32-bit PE files.
-
type
image_base
¶ Image base relative virtual address.
-
type
section_alignment
¶ New in version 3.8.0.
Value of IMAGE_OPTIONAL_HEADER::SectionAlignment. When Windows maps a PE image to memory, all raw sizes (including size of header) are aligned up to this value.
-
type
file_alignment
¶ New in version 3.8.0.
Value of IMAGE_OPTIONAL_HEADER::FileAlignment. All raw data sizes of sections in the PE image are aligned to this value.
-
type
win32_version_value
¶ New in version 3.8.0.
Value of IMAGE_OPTIONAL_HEADER::Win32VersionValue.
-
type
size_of_image
¶ New in version 3.8.0.
Value of IMAGE_OPTIONAL_HEADER::SizeOfImage. This is the total virtual size of header and all sections.
-
type
size_of_headers
¶ New in version 3.8.0.
Value of IMAGE_OPTIONAL_HEADER::SizeOfHeaders. This is the raw data size of the PE headers including DOS header, file header, optional header and all section headers. When PE is mapped to memory, this value is subject to aligning up to SectionAlignment.
-
type
characteristics
¶ Bitmap with PE FileHeader characteristics. Individual characteristics can be inspected by performing a bitwise AND operation with the following constants:
-
type
RELOCS_STRIPPED
¶ Relocation info stripped from file.
-
type
EXECUTABLE_IMAGE
¶ File is executable (i.e. no unresolved external references).
-
type
LINE_NUMS_STRIPPED
¶ Line numbers stripped from file.
-
type
LOCAL_SYMS_STRIPPED
¶ Local symbols stripped from file.
-
type
AGGRESIVE_WS_TRIM
¶ Aggressively trim working set
-
type
LARGE_ADDRESS_AWARE
¶ App can handle >2gb addresses
-
type
BYTES_REVERSED_LO
¶ Bytes of machine word are reversed.
-
type
MACHINE_32BIT
¶ 32 bit word machine.
-
type
DEBUG_STRIPPED
¶ Debugging info stripped from file in .DBG file
-
type
REMOVABLE_RUN_FROM_SWAP
¶ If Image is on removable media, copy and run from the swap file.
-
type
NET_RUN_FROM_SWAP
¶ If Image is on Net, copy and run from the swap file.
-
type
SYSTEM
¶ System File.
-
type
DLL
¶ File is a DLL.
-
type
UP_SYSTEM_ONLY
¶ File should only be run on a UP machine
-
type
BYTES_REVERSED_HI
¶ Bytes of machine word are reversed.
Example: pe.characteristics & pe.DLL
-
type
-
type
linker_version
¶ An object with two integer attributes, one for each major and minor linker version.
-
major
Major linker version.
-
minor
Minor linker version.
-
-
type
os_version
¶ An object with two integer attributes, one for each major and minor OS version.
-
major
Major OS version.
-
minor
Minor OS version.
-
-
type
image_version
¶ An object with two integer attributes, one for each major and minor image version.
-
major
Major image version.
-
minor
Minor image version.
-
-
type
subsystem_version
¶ An object with two integer attributes, one for each major and minor subsystem version.
-
major
Major subsystem version.
-
minor
Minor subsystem version.
-
-
type
dll_characteristics
¶ Bitmap with PE OptionalHeader DllCharacteristics. Do not confuse these flags with the PE FileHeader Characteristics. Individual characteristics can be inspected by performing a bitwise AND operation with the following constants:
-
type
DYNAMIC_BASE
¶ File can be relocated - also marks the file as ASLR compatible
-
type
FORCE_INTEGRITY
¶
-
type
NX_COMPAT
¶ Marks the file as DEP compatible
-
type
NO_ISOLATION
¶
-
type
NO_SEH
¶ The file does not contain structured exception handlers, this must be set to use SafeSEH
-
type
NO_BIND
¶
-
type
WDM_DRIVER
¶ Marks the file as a Windows Driver Model (WDM) device driver.
-
type
TERMINAL_SERVER_AWARE
¶ Marks the file as terminal server compatible
-
type
-
type
size_of_stack_reserve
¶ New in version 3.8.0.
Value of IMAGE_OPTIONAL_HEADER::SizeOfStackReserve. This is the default amount of virtual memory that will be reserved for stack.
-
type
size_of_stack_commit
¶ New in version 3.8.0.
Value of IMAGE_OPTIONAL_HEADER::SizeOfStackCommit. This is the default amount of virtual memory that will be allocated for stack.
-
type
size_of_heap_reserve
¶ New in version 3.8.0.
Value of IMAGE_OPTIONAL_HEADER::SizeOfHeapReserve. This is the default amount of virtual memory that will be reserved for main process heap.
-
type
size_of_heap_commit
¶ New in version 3.8.0.
Value of IMAGE_OPTIONAL_HEADER::SizeOfHeapCommit. This is the default amount of virtual memory that will be allocated for main process heap.
-
type
loader_flags
¶ New in version 3.8.0.
Value of IMAGE_OPTIONAL_HEADER::LoaderFlags.
-
type
number_of_rva_and_sizes
¶ Value of IMAGE_OPTIONAL_HEADER::NumberOfRvaAndSizes. This is the number of items in the IMAGE_OPTIONAL_HEADER::DataDirectory array.
-
type
data_directories
¶ New in version 3.8.0.
A zero-based array of data directories. Each data directory contains virtual address and length of the appropriate data directory. Each data directory has the following entries:
-
virtual_address
Relative virtual address (RVA) of the PE data directory. If this is zero, then the data directory is missing. Note that for digital signature, this is the file offset, not RVA.
-
size
Size of the PE data directory, in bytes.
The index for the data directory entry can be one of the following values:
-
type
IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_EXPORT
¶ Data directory for exported functions.
-
type
IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_IMPORT
¶ Data directory for import directory.
-
type
IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_RESOURCE
¶ Data directory for resource section.
-
type
IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_EXCEPTION
¶ Data directory for exception information.
-
type
IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_SECURITY
¶ This is the raw file offset and length of the image digital signature. If the image has no embedded digital signature, this directory will contain zeros.
-
type
IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_BASERELOC
¶ Data directory for image relocation table.
-
type
IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_DEBUG
¶ Data directory for debug information.
-
type
IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_TLS
¶ Data directory for image thread local storage.
-
type
IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_LOAD_CONFIG
¶ Data directory for image load configuration.
-
type
IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_BOUND_IMPORT
¶ Data directory for image bound import table.
-
type
IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_IAT
¶ Data directory for image Import Address Table.
-
type
IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_DELAY_IMPORT
¶ Data directory for Delayed Import Table. Structure of the delayed import table is linker-dependent. Microsoft version of delayed imports is described in the souces "delayimp.h" and "delayimp.cpp", which can be found in MS Visual Studio 2008 CRT sources.
-
type
IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_COM_DESCRIPTOR
¶ Data directory for .NET headers.
Example: pe.data_directories[pe.IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_EXPORT].virtual_address != 0
-
-
type
number_of_sections
Number of sections in the PE.
-
type
sections
New in version 3.3.0.
A zero-based array of section objects, one for each section the PE has. Individual sections can be accessed by using the [] operator. Each section object has the following attributes:
-
name
Section name.
-
characteristics
Section characteristics.
-
virtual_address
Section virtual address.
-
virtual_size
Section virtual size.
-
raw_data_offset
Section raw offset.
-
raw_data_size
Section raw size.
-
pointer_to_relocations
New in version 3.8.0.
Value of IMAGE_SECTION_HEADER::PointerToRelocations.
-
pointer_to_line_numbers
New in version 3.8.0.
Value of IMAGE_SECTION_HEADER::PointerToLinenumbers.
-
number_of_relocations
New in version 3.8.0.
Value of IMAGE_SECTION_HEADER::NumberOfRelocations.
-
number_of_line_numbers
New in version 3.8.0.
Value of IMAGE_SECTION_HEADER::NumberOfLineNumbers.
Example: pe.sections[0].name == ".text"
Individual section characteristics can be inspected using a bitwise AND operation with the following constants:
-
type
SECTION_CNT_CODE
¶
-
type
SECTION_CNT_INITIALIZED_DATA
¶
-
type
SECTION_CNT_UNINITIALIZED_DATA
¶
-
type
SECTION_GPREL
¶
-
type
SECTION_MEM_16BIT
¶
-
type
SECTION_LNK_NRELOC_OVFL
¶
-
type
SECTION_MEM_DISCARDABLE
¶
-
type
SECTION_MEM_NOT_CACHED
¶
-
type
SECTION_MEM_NOT_PAGED
¶
-
type
SECTION_MEM_SHARED
¶
-
type
SECTION_MEM_EXECUTE
¶
-
type
SECTION_MEM_READ
¶
-
type
SECTION_MEM_WRITE
¶
Example: pe.sections[1].characteristics & pe.SECTION_CNT_CODE
-
-
type
overlay
¶ New in version 3.6.0.
A structure containing the following integer members:
-
offset
Overlay section offset.
-
size
Overlay section size.
Example: uint8(0x0d) at pe.overlay.offset and pe.overlay.size > 1024
-
-
type
number_of_resources
Number of resources in the PE.
-
type
resource_timestamp
¶ Resource timestamp. This is stored as an integer.
-
type
resource_version
¶ An object with two integer attributes, major and minor versions.
-
major
Major resource version.
-
minor
Minor resource version.
-
-
type
resources
Changed in version 3.3.0.
A zero-based array of resource objects, one for each resource the PE has. Individual resources can be accessed by using the [] operator. Each resource object has the following attributes:
-
offset
Offset for the resource data.
-
length
Length of the resource data.
-
type
Type of the resource (integer).
-
id
ID of the resource (integer).
-
language
Language of the resource (integer).
-
type_string
Type of the resource as a string, if specified.
-
name_string
Name of the resource as a string, if specified.
-
language_string
Language of the resource as a string, if specified.
All resources must have a type, id (name), and language specified. They can be either an integer or string, but never both, for any given level.
Example: pe.resources[0].type == pe.RESOURCE_TYPE_RCDATA
Example: pe.resources[0].name_string == "F\x00I\x00L\x00E\x00"
Resource types can be inspected using the following constants:
-
type
RESOURCE_TYPE_CURSOR
¶
-
type
RESOURCE_TYPE_BITMAP
¶
-
type
RESOURCE_TYPE_ICON
¶
-
type
RESOURCE_TYPE_MENU
¶
-
type
RESOURCE_TYPE_DIALOG
¶
-
type
RESOURCE_TYPE_STRING
¶
-
type
RESOURCE_TYPE_FONTDIR
¶
-
type
RESOURCE_TYPE_FONT
¶
-
type
RESOURCE_TYPE_ACCELERATOR
¶
-
type
RESOURCE_TYPE_RCDATA
¶
-
type
RESOURCE_TYPE_MESSAGETABLE
¶
-
type
RESOURCE_TYPE_GROUP_CURSOR
¶
-
type
RESOURCE_TYPE_GROUP_ICON
¶
-
type
RESOURCE_TYPE_VERSION
¶
-
type
RESOURCE_TYPE_DLGINCLUDE
¶
-
type
RESOURCE_TYPE_PLUGPLAY
¶
-
type
RESOURCE_TYPE_VXD
¶
-
type
RESOURCE_TYPE_ANICURSOR
¶
-
type
RESOURCE_TYPE_ANIICON
¶
-
type
RESOURCE_TYPE_HTML
¶
-
type
RESOURCE_TYPE_MANIFEST
¶
For more information refer to:
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms648009(v=vs.85).aspx
-
-
type
version_info
¶ New in version 3.2.0.
Dictionary containing the PE's version information. Typical keys are:
Comments
CompanyName
FileDescription
FileVersion
InternalName
LegalCopyright
LegalTrademarks
OriginalFilename
ProductName
ProductVersion
For more information refer to:
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms646987(v=vs.85).aspx
Example: pe.version_info["CompanyName"] contains "Microsoft"
-
type
number_of_signatures
¶ Number of authenticode signatures in the PE.
-
type
signatures
¶ A zero-based array of signature objects, one for each authenticode signature in the PE file. Usually PE files have a single signature.
-
thumbprint
New in version 3.8.0.
A string containing the thumbprint of the signature.
-
issuer
A string containing information about the issuer. These are some examples:
"/C=US/ST=Washington/L=Redmond/O=Microsoft Corporation/CN=Microsoft Code Signing PCA" "/C=US/O=VeriSign, Inc./OU=VeriSign Trust Network/OU=Terms of use at https://www.verisign.com/rpa (c)10/CN=VeriSign Class 3 Code Signing 2010 CA" "/C=GB/ST=Greater Manchester/L=Salford/O=COMODO CA Limited/CN=COMODO Code Signing CA 2"
-
subject
A string containing information about the subject.
-
version
Version number.
-
algorithm
Algorithm used for this signature. Usually "sha1WithRSAEncryption".
-
serial
A string containing the serial number. This is an example:
"52:00:e5:aa:25:56:fc:1a:86:ed:96:c9:d4:4b:33:c7"
-
not_before
Unix timestamp on which the validity period for this signature begins.
-
not_after
Unix timestamp on which the validity period for this signature ends.
-
valid_on (
timestamp
)¶ Function returning true if the signature was valid on the date indicated by timestamp. The following sentence:
pe.signatures[n].valid_on(timestamp)
Is equivalent to:
timestamp >= pe.signatures[n].not_before and timestamp <= pe.signatures[n].not_after
-
-
type
rich_signature
¶ Structure containing information about the PE's rich signature as documented here.
-
offset
Offset where the rich signature starts. It will be undefined if the file doesn't have a rich signature.
-
length
Length of the rich signature, not including the final "Rich" marker.
-
key
Key used to encrypt the data with XOR.
-
raw_data
Raw data as it appears in the file.
-
clear_data
Data after being decrypted by XORing it with the key.
-
version(version, [toolid])
New in version 3.5.0.
Function returning a sum of count values of all matching version records. Provide the optional toolid argument to only match when both match for one entry. More information can be found here:
http://www.ntcore.com/files/richsign.htm
Note: Prior to version 3.11.0, this function returns only a boolean value (0 or 1) if the given version and optional toolid is present in an entry.
Example: pe.rich_signature.version(24215, 261) == 61
-
toolid(toolid, [version])
New in version 3.5.0.
Function returning a sum of count values of all matching toolid records. Provide the optional version argument to only match when both match for one entry. More information can be found here:
http://www.ntcore.com/files/richsign.htm
Note: Prior to version 3.11.0, this function returns only a boolean value (0 or 1) if the given toolid and optional version is present in an entry.
Example: pe.rich_signature.toolid(170, 40219) >= 99
-
-
type
pdb_path
¶ New in version 4.0.0.
Path of the PDB file for this PE if present.
Example: pe.pdb_path == "D:\workspace\2018_R9_RelBld\target\checkout\custprof\Release\custprof.pdb"
-
exports(function_name)
Function returning true if the PE exports function_name or false otherwise.
Example: pe.exports("CPlApplet")
-
exports(ordinal)
New in version 3.6.0.
Function returning true if the PE exports ordinal or false otherwise.
Example: pe.exports(72)
-
exports(/regular_expression/)
New in version 3.7.1.
Function returning true if the PE exports regular_expression or false otherwise.
Example: pe.exports(/^AXS@@/)
-
exports_index(function_name)
New in version 4.0.0.
Function returning the index into the export_details array where the named function is, undefined otherwise.
Example: pe.exports_index("CPlApplet")
-
exports_index(ordinal)
New in version 4.0.0.
Function returning the index into the export_details array where the exported ordinal is, undefined otherwise.
Example: pe.exports_index(72)
-
exports_index(/regular_expression/)
New in version 4.0.0.
Function returning the first index into the export_details array where the regular expression matches the exported name, undefined otherwise.
Example: pe.exports_index(/^ERS@@/)
-
type
number_of_exports
¶ New in version 3.6.0.
Number of exports in the PE.
-
type
export_details
¶ New in version 4.0.0.
Array of structures containing information about the PE's exports.
-
offset
Offset where the exported function starts.
-
name
Name of the exported function. It will be undefined if the function has no name.
-
forward_name
The name of the function where this export forwards to. It will be undefined if the export is not a forwarding export.
-
ordinal
The ordinal of the exported function, after the ordinal base has been applied to it.
-
-
type
dll_name
¶ New in version 4.0.0.
The name of the DLL, if it exists in the export directory.
-
type
export_timestamp
¶ New in version 4.0.0.
The timestamp the export data was created..
-
type
number_of_imports
¶ New in version 3.6.0.
Number of imports in the PE.
-
imports(dll_name, function_name)
Function returning true if the PE imports function_name from dll_name, or false otherwise. dll_name is case insensitive.
Example: pe.imports("kernel32.dll", "WriteProcessMemory")
-
imports(dll_name)
New in version 3.5.0.
Changed in version 4.0.0.
Function returning the number of functions from the dll_name, in the PE imports. dll_name is case insensitive.
Note: Prior to version 4.0.0, this function returned only a boolean value indicating if the given DLL name was found in the PE imports. This change is backward compatible, as any number larger than 0 also evaluates as true.
Examples: pe.imports("kernel32.dll"), pe.imports("kernel32.dll") == 10
-
imports(dll_name, ordinal)
New in version 3.5.0.
Function returning true if the PE imports ordinal from dll_name, or false otherwise. dll_name is case insensitive.
Example: pe.imports("WS2_32.DLL", 3)
-
imports(dll_regexp, function_regexp)
New in version 3.8.0.
Changed in version 4.0.0.
Function returning the number of functions from the PE imports where a function name matches function_regexp and a DLL name matches dll_regexp. Both dll_regexp and function_regexp are case sensitive unless you use the "/i" modifier in the regexp, as shown in the example below.
Note: Prior to version 4.0.0, this function returned only a boolean value indicating if matching import was found or not. This change is backward compatible, as any number larger than 0 also evaluates as true.
Example: pe.imports(/kernel32.dll/i, /(Read|Write)ProcessMemory/) == 2
-
locale(locale_identifier)
New in version 3.2.0.
Function returning true if the PE has a resource with the specified locale identifier. Locale identifiers are 16-bit integers and can be found here:
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/dd318693(v=vs.85).aspx
Example: pe.locale(0x0419) // Russian (RU)
-
language(language_identifier)
New in version 3.2.0.
Function returning true if the PE has a resource with the specified language identifier. Language identifiers are 8-bit integers and can be found here:
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/dd318693(v=vs.85).aspx
Example: pe.language(0x0A) // Spanish
-
imphash()
New in version 3.2.0.
Function returning the import hash or imphash for the PE. The imphash is a MD5 hash of the PE's import table after some normalization. The imphash for a PE can be also computed with pefile and you can find more information in Mandiant's blog.
Example: pe.imphash() == "b8bb385806b89680e13fc0cf24f4431e"
-
section_index(name)
Function returning the index into the sections array for the section that has name. name is case sensitive.
Example: pe.section_index(".TEXT")
-
section_index(addr)
New in version 3.3.0.
Function returning the index into the sections array for the section that has addr. addr can be an offset into the file or a memory address.
Example: pe.section_index(pe.entry_point)
-
is_dll()
New in version 3.5.0.
Function returning true if the PE is a DLL.
Example: pe.is_dll()
-
is_32bit()
New in version 3.5.0.
Function returning true if the PE is 32bits.
Example: pe.is_32bit()
-
is_64bit()
New in version 3.5.0.
Function returning true if the PE is 64bits.
Example: pe.is_64bit()
-
rva_to_offset(addr)
New in version 3.6.0.
Function returning the file offset for RVA addr. Be careful to pass relative addresses here and not absolute addresses, like pe.entry_point when scanning a process.
Example: pe.rva_to_offset(pe.sections[0].virtual_address) == pe.sections[0].raw_data_offset
This example will make sure the offset for the virtual address in the first section equals the file offset for that section.